I Prefer to Live in Big Cities Than in Small Towns Free Essays

I Prefer to Live in Big Cities than in Small-towns In English, there is a notable pixie tale about a poor nation kid, Dick Whittington, who goes to London since he accepts that the avenues of that city are â€Å"paved with gold†. The story is a story of â€Å"from clothes to riches†. Dick in the end turns into the Lord Mayor of London. We will compose a custom paper test on I Prefer to Live in Big Cities Than in Small Towns or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Like the saint of that story, I love to take experience in the urban areas. I experienced childhood in a humble community and afterward moved to a major city, so I have encountered the great and terrible sides of both. I never imagined that I might want living in a major city, yet I wasn't right. Urban communities contain an incredible arrangement of individuals. At whatever point I stroll around a shopping area at early afternoon on an end of the week, I am intrigued by all the various kinds of individuals rushing around the shops. Once in a while, I simply sit on an open seat and basically watch the variegated floods of customers. Today, in the period of globe-jogging transport and interchanges, city life is more blended than it has ever been. Capital urban communities are not cosmopolitan, and anxious to draw in outside exchange money. There is a contemporary English joke which tells that â€Å"you can never discover an Englishman in London†. The United States is comprised of individuals of various races, religions, capacities, and interests. Notwithstanding, you only sometimes find such an assortment of individuals in a littler town. I believe that living in a territory where everybody was much the same as me would immediately get exhausting. Regardless of whether appropriately or wrongly, I love the energy of huge urban areas. Unassuming communities have a moderate pace. Enormous urban communities mean you need to adjust to an assortment of circumstances, such as finding another course to work or attempting another eatery. I appreciate that challenge without question. Another container of the energy of city living is the assortment of social exercises accessible. There is a wide grouping of theater, music and move exhibitions accessible in huge urban areas. These things are uncommon in little ones. Governments and neighborhood specialists as a rule construct open enhancements in the large urban communities. Cash is put resources into transport, libraries, parks and exhibition halls. Frequently, nations will contend with one another for the best â€Å"show-case† building. Malaysia has constructed a high rise that is taller than is anything in New York. In enormous nations, area will go up against district: New York against Chicago, Shanghai against Hong Kong and Beijing. The entirety of this is useful for the resident. The enchantment of the Dick Whittington story is revived in me when I enter a library in a superb structure. On the off chance that an individual is at college examining craftsmanship or music, a huge city as a rule offers displays and open exhibitions. In any event, when I was a young person, I valued the value of living in a city since a few times each year there was a live performance by one of my preferred groups. There is one thing I need to talk is unassuming communities and large urban areas both have a few issues regarding transportation. In a humble community, you have to possess a vehicle to guarantee a happy with living. You can’t get around without one in light of the fact that there isn’t any sort of open transportation. Enormous urban areas by and large have overwhelming traffic and costly stopping, yet there you have a decision of taking open transportation. It’s not free, however it’s frequently less expensive than driving when you think about gas and time. Particularly on the off chance that you don’t have a vehicle, you’re happier in the city. What's more, obviously, security is a worry, and that’s one zone where modest communities are better than enormous urban areas. All things considered, I would prefer to be more mindful and live in an enormous city than to have a sense of safety yet exhausted. Step by step instructions to refer to I Prefer to Live in Big Cities Than in Small Towns, Papers

Legal Diligence Checklist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legitimate Diligence Checklist - Essay Example Has Joe’s organization made sufficient arrangement for evacuation of garbage and different articles from gardens before beginning work? The response to that is yes. This is significant in light of the fact that it will show from a lawful perspective that Joe’s organization has practiced due persistence in guaranteeing that the laborers are familiar with security methodology and know to work in a protected way. In this way, it will discredit any charges of careless risk brought about by the business and claims of negligence for representative security or rebelliousness with Government guidelines on specialist wellbeing and preparing. Notwithstanding preparing, Joe’s Company likewise has arrangement for suitable defensive rigging for the laborers so as to guarantee their wellbeing at the working environment. 4. Does the business have a mishap exploring and detailing framework set up? This guarantees a put down account is kept up of all the possibly perilous mishaps that have jeopardized workers[www.ccohs.ca, n.d.] The response to that question is a no. This could end up being a lawful obligation in case of a claim for careless risk. 5. Have any game plans been made by the business to screen the working environment? This is significant, with the goal that legitimate charges made later can be changed through hard proof from film. The response to that is truly, since he has introduced movement lights and cameras to screen work environment action. 6. Does Joe’s Company have any composed documentation of move that was made against workers disregarding security strategies and rules? This is significant from a lawful point of view, since it assists with securing against legitimate obligation for laborer injury. On the off chance that a specialist has blundered and been amended however rehashes the hazardous activity, the business won't be subject. Yet, the response to this inquiry is

Volcano Probe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Well of lava Probe - Essay Example Weight and temperature changes in a well of lava prompts its structure and its general conduct with respect to the time of arrangement to the emission time frame. It is weight and temperature that clarifies how a well of lava is shaped and how it ejects on to the earth surface over the long haul (Beatty, 1998, p. 67). When all is said in done volcanoes typically happen in regions where structural plates veer or join or where the earth outside layer stretch or dainty as on account of African Rift Valley. Additionally, volcanoes can emerge because of mantle tufts or hotspots which may happen a long way from the non-romantic plate's limits. Where volcanoes happen because of dissimilarity of dispassionate plates, new maritime outside layer is framed by hot liquid lock or the magma which gradually cool and set. Generally, the covering is slender at these edges because of structural plates pull. Weight coming about because of the covering diminishing offers ascend to adiabatic development with another maritime outside shaping because of halfway dissolving of the mantle. As to uniting non-romantic plates, the crash of a mainland plate and a maritime plate results into a subduction zone which by expansion results into the submersion of the maritime plate under the mainland plate. The subducting layer disc harges water which brings down the temperature of the mantle wedge over the aftereffect of which is magma creation. Then again, hotspots which are normally situated above mantle tufts where there is convection of the mantle of the earth results into a segment of hot material that ascents up to the earth outside layer. Crest temperature makes the covering melt framing pipes helpful in venting magma (Beatty, 1998, p. 98). Following the above conversation, planning a fountain of liquid magma test would expect one to appropriately examine the elements and powers behind spring of gushing lava arrangement. Fundamentally, one would be required to place into thought the warm powers included and it is now that information on warm material science gets basic. For this situation, one would be required to plan a temperature and weight estimating framework that is perfect with changes in the two parameters and which can withstand immense changes so far as that is concerned. In that capacity, one would be required to consider the materials with which the weight and temperature estimating framework is worked from as certain materials will be unable to withstand colossal changes in these two parameters. For instance, metals are known to liquefy under various temperatures with some softening at lower temperatures than the others. In any case, a portion of these metals when presented to high weights respond or act un iquely in contrast to the others (A.I.P. 2000, p. 56). Any part intended to contemplate the conduct of a spring of gushing lava should place into thought all the warm material science parts of weight and temperature in addition to other things. Such things incorporate the admissible weight scope of the weight sensor and the temperature scope of the temperature sensor to be utilized in the estimating instrument. Similarly significant is the weight and temperature scope of the external structure repressing the sensors. Also, the information gathered by these sensors should be transmitted to a beneficiary through a transmitter.

Lack of Communication Essay

At the point when you consolidate and structure a relationship you become some portion of something more noteworthy. You should cooperate as a group if either accomplice ignores the relationship endures. Given a longing and will to improve things it takes correspondence. Absence of correspondence in a relationship can cause an individual to feel forlorn and segregated. This could emerge out of being occupied with life, absence of adoration, and word versus activities. Absence of correspondence just outcomes in ineffective human partnerships which cause despondency not exclusively to you as an individual, yet to others also. Numerous couples quit speaking with one another on the grounds that every they are found doing his/her own thing throughout everyday life. Regardless of whether it is work side interests, kids, and school, in addition to other things there is constantly a reason. Similarly as you spending how you go through your cash it is imperative to recall that planning in time for your relationship is significant too. Absence of inclusion and correspondence expands separation in any relationship. On the off chance that you don’t have quality time and correspondence your relationship and understanding will begin to disappear. At the point when you are not, at this point in affection with your mate then more than likely you are not speaking with one another. At the point when you are not in adoration any longer it is a frightful inclination since you become troubled and negative about the relationship. It’s hard to understand that you just don’t feel a similar route about the man/ladies you thought you needed to spend an amazing remainder with. Dropping out of affection is unavoidable. Such an extensive amount how we see love is the thing that we have seen or perused. At whatever point you quit imparting you demolish the affection that you have for each other. Moved by feelings and energy of the circumstance, you can lose it with words making statements that later won't be supported by activities. Activities express stronger than words. An individual who needs to be involved with you will show you with their activities reliably after some time. Words are incredible and they can hurt, mend, develop or tear down, solace or revile the relationship without the activity behind it. Now and again you go to a point where you might not have anything to discuss. Talking as a matter of fact and research it is on the grounds that you know each better than you did previously. Presently a days people have confidence in close to home space, yet once in a while an excessive amount of room broadens the hole between individuals. Communicate to your mate talk about your issues, share your sentiments with one another and esteem those snapshots of coexistence. At the point when you investigate your relationship correspondence is the establishment that will reinforce your bond. Without this, your relationship will not be an enduring one.

Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act

Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act Addiction Drug Use Print Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Updated on January 20, 2020  Moussa81 / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand 5 Schedules of Drugs Schedule I Drugs Schedule II Drugs Schedule III Drugs Schedule IV Drugs Schedule V Drugs View All Back To Top Controlled drugs are substances that are controlled under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). This act categorizes all substances, which are regulated under federal law into “schedules,” depending on how potentially dangerous they are. 5 Schedules of Drugs The five “schedules” of drugs, detailed below, should not be confused with the five “classes” of drugs, a different way of organizing drugs according to their main properties. The five classes of drugs are narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids. The schedule the drug is placed under depends on its medical use, its potential for abuse, and its safety or how easily people become dependent on it. Careful consideration has gone into this categorization. The control of drugs through law exists to protect people from the harm that these drugs can do. It is based on research from many different sources into the potential harmfulness of the drug, both to individuals and to society. The Many Potential Legal Ramifications for Using Drugs Schedule I Drugs Schedule I drugs or substances have a high potential for abuse. They currently have no federally accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and there is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. Examples of Schedule I substances include heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), and methaqualone. Schedule II Drugs Schedule II drugs or other substance also have a high potential for abuse. They differ from Schedule I drugs in that they do have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. Abuse of schedule II drugs may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. Examples of Schedule II substances include morphine, phencyclidine (PCP), cocaine, methadone, and methamphetamine. Schedule III Drugs Schedule III drugs or other substances have less potential for abuse than the drugs or other substances in Schedules I and II. They have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Examples of Schedule III substances include Anabolic steroids, codeine and hydrocodone with aspirin or Tylenol, and some barbiturates. Schedule IV Drugs The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III. The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III. Examples of drugs included in Schedule IV are Darvon, Talwin, Equanil, Valium, and Xanax. Schedule V Drugs The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule IV. The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substances may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule IV. Examples of Schedule V drugs include cough medicines with codeine. Is It Actually Illegal to Use Drugs Without a Prescription?

ZnO Nanorods & Thin Films Characterization Solar Cell Uses - 1100 Words

ZnO Nanorods’ And Thin Films’ Characterization For Solar Cell Uses (Coursework Sample) Content: ZNO NANORODS AND THIN FILMS CHARACTERIZATION FOR SOLAR CELL USESby (Name)Course:Tutor:University:State of Location:Date:AbstractThere has been a comprehensive study concerning the application and physical qualities of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructures over the last 10 years or so. The proposed study intends to establish experimental features for the hydrothermal and electrodeposition of most effective use of thin films nanorods in ZnO electrodes plus their characterization in the application of solar cells, by taking into consideration electrodeposition and hydrothermal techniques; characterization of solar cell engaging impedance spectroscopy as well as; solar cells light trapping. The technological advancement in design of solar cells aims at cost reduction as well as competing with conventional power generation. The modern inventive solar technologies are inclusive of polymer cells and nanostructure solar cells, both defined by organic materials having limited lifeti me.Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc456700119 \h 2Table of Contents PAGEREF _Toc456700120 \h 3Introduction PAGEREF _Toc456700121 \h 41.1 Solar power generation PAGEREF _Toc456700122 \h 41.1 Research Objectives PAGEREF _Toc456700123 \h 41.2 Goal of the proposed study PAGEREF _Toc456700124 \h 51.3 Research questions PAGEREF _Toc456700125 \h 52.0 Review of related Literature PAGEREF _Toc456700126 \h 62.1 Solar cell characterization PAGEREF _Toc456700127 \h 62.2 Impedance spectroscopy PAGEREF _Toc456700128 \h 63. Methodology: PAGEREF _Toc456700129 \h 73.1 Hydrothermal methodology PAGEREF _Toc456700130 \h 73.1.1 Characterization PAGEREF _Toc456700131 \h 73.2 Electrodeposition methodology PAGEREF _Toc456700132 \h 74. Structure of the proposed study PAGEREF _Toc456700133 \h 8Reference List PAGEREF _Toc456700134 \h 9Introduction1.1 Solar power generationWith the escalating need for clean energy, electrical engineers and power production firms have opted solar cel ls as the primary energy generation device (Callahan, M et al. 2011). Utilization of solar cells in conversion of energy from the sun into electricity has become very common although the prevailing generation cost is extremely high to offer large-scale competition with CO2 energy sources. Based on this argument, researchers within the field of electrical engineering have extensively focused on improvising techniques to enhance the efficacy of prevailing solar cells besides devising novel cost-efficient technologies (Callahan, M et al. 2011; Fabregat-Santiago, F et al. 2011). The evolution of DSCs (Dye-sensitized solar cells) and organic BHJ (bulk heterojunction) solar cells has lately attained efficiencies of more than 12% and 8%, in that order, besides enhancing steadiness on outdoor conditions (Ding, R et al. 2010).1.1 Research ObjectivesThe predominant objective of the proposed study is to establish experimental features for the hydrothermal and electrodeposition of most effectiv e use of thin films nanorods in ZnO electrodes plus their characterization in the application of solar cells. Based on this objective, the proposed study equally seeks to achieve the following objectives:1. To determine the ability of optimal Zinc ions concentration to create controlled ZnO Films nanorods2. Determine the association between electrodeposition qualities with Zinc Oxide resistivity and bad gap energies3. Establishment of the optimal empirical parameters capable of facilitating formation of nanorods excellent in electrical conduction4. To improve overall efficiency in ZnO nanorod solar cellsEstablishing a 1D ZnO nanorods applicable on dye sensitized solar cells1.2 Goal of the proposed studyThe key goal of the proposed study is to manufacture, through hydrothermal and electrodeposition methodologies, a solar cell defined by low temperature and cost nanorods.1.3 Research questionsTo achieve the above objectives as well as the study goal, the proposed study considers the f ollowing research questions:(a) What measures can be employed in controlling the band width in achieving the utmost potential of a certain solar cell?(b) How can the efficiency of photo-compelled charge separation and conveyance of charge transporters be improved across nanorods?(c) What measures can be put in place to enhance the efficiency of solar cells as well as minimizing their cost for the purposes of affordability?2.0 Review of related Literature2.1 Solar cell characterizationThere exists strong relations between diverse aspects of IS measurements of different forms of solar cells, such as BHJ, DSC, as well as inorganic CdTe and Si43 solae cells (Ding, R et al. 2010). This means it is recommendable to commence at a highly common standpoint, like the figure below, as a way of explaining the current vs. voltage curve, hence establishing the IS qualities. From the figure below, the key elements of the procedure employed in photovoltaic conversion have been exemplified (Fabreg at-Santiago, F et al. 2011). Merging the carrier production with the charge separation and light absorption is considered the predominant point of the energy conversion in solar cells.2.2 Impedance spectroscopyImpedance spectroscopy remains an extremely significant tool in the development and characterization of models and devices respectively. This approach is adaptable and highly resourceful since it utilizes complete devices besides permitting characterization among various processes of operation (Ding, R. et al. 2010).3. Methodology:3.1 Hydrothermal methodologyFrom a general perspective, hydrothermal entails circulation of hot water. It is basically a geological process occurring in the environs of heat sources within the crust of the earth (Vayssieres, L. 2003). Presently, researchers are capable of simulating natural hydrothermal process by engaging an autoclave. Hydrothermal methodology will be employed as one of the sysnthesis technique in the proposed study, and it is relia nt on high pressure and temperature. However, one key demerit associated with this technique is the inability to observe growth of the crystal (Wu and Wu, 2007).3.1.1 CharacterizationTwo dissimilar precursor solutions will be achieved by having hexamethylene tetramine mixed with zinc acetate in de-ionized water, as well as by having zinc acetate replaced with zinc nitrate. Scanning electron microscope will be employed in taking the thin films morphology.3.2 Electrodeposition methodology...

Group Writing Project Using Google Docs

The Issue Of Personal Identity Essay - 1529 Words

If persons persist over time then by what criteria do we determine their identity at different times? This is the issue of personal identity over time which continues to plague philosophers. What is it that allows me to say I am the same person today as I was yesterday or I will be tomorrow? Am I actually the same person? There has been no general consensus on the answer to this question. However many have proposed solutions to this question. When it comes to this hard problem of why persons last or persist over time there are two opposing points of view points. There is the perdurance or four dimensionalism view, which maintains that objects persist as a series of temporal parts that are simply related to each other. The other view is that of endurance which states that objects endure over time by being wholly present at each and every time they exist and must be numerically identical to each other in order to be the same thing, in such a way that they are one and the same. This pap er seeks to explore what is the criterion or criteria of person identity by which we determine one person at one time and a person at another time to be one and the same. In order to answer this question the perdurance and endurance approaches to the problem of personal identity over time will be explored. These views will be explored through the discussion of four prominent philosophers in the views. In this paper I will propose ultimately Rosenkranzt’s endurance view, the theory ofShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Personal Identity1491 Words   |  6 Pages The issue of personal identity is one of the most broadly treated problems in the philosophical community. â€Å"Who are we?† â€Å"Where do we come from?† â€Å"What makes us human?† are some of the inquiries that most people face during their lives. Consequently, because for the majority of people it is almost natural to ask themselves about the meaning of their own identity, it is understandable that most major philosophical figures have presented their own theories regarding this question (Olson). In the sameRead MoreCultural Values, Personal Identity And The Issues I Might Encounter As A Multicultural Counselor2107 Words   |  9 Pagesobtain some things you want in life.† I am an African American woman, who was raised in the small town of Venice, IL. My family values and rich historical culture heavily impacted my personal identity today as if it did yesterday. In this reflection, I will discuss my cultural values, personal identity and the issues I might encounter as a multicultural counselor. Values and morals are ingrained in people like a pattern that is woven into a piece of material. The idea of what is right or wrongRead MoreIdentity Theft And Its Impact On The State Of Florida1276 Words   |  6 PagesIdentity theft is a negative issue in the entire United States, but the state of Florida is where it is most common and where there is the most cases. Due to Florida having the most identity theft complaints, it is important to question just how vulnerable the state is to this form of fraud. However, it is evident that Florida needs to find more efficient ways to limit identity theft drastically, since it has led the nation in identity theft for the past three years. This paper will examine the stepsRead MoreSocietal Influence and Identity Formation Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pagesreasons and things helping to develop the appropriate sense of identity on the part of people. Some of them influence this process positively, and others have the negative impact on ide ntity formation of people in the modern society. A remarkable role in the process of identity formation is attached to the society, such as media, family and peers, the so-called every-day environment of people. But people should understand that the identity formation is within the person and nobody can distract peopleRead MoreSelf Identity By Anthony Giddens1653 Words   |  7 Pagesthe study seeks some further explanations of the role of identity in the social life of individuals. This essay will investigate issue of self-identity in the modern world according to Antony Giddens’s ideas. Firstly, it will be considered how the concept of self-identity is created in the modern world. After that identities will be explained in terms of Giddens’s opinion. It will be given an overview of the main Giddens’s work on self-identity (Giddens, 1991). Then Giddens’s â€Å"Project of the self† willRead MoreInformation Privacy1353 Words   |  6 PagesInformation Privacy Name of the student The privacy of personal information related to the data stored on the computer systems is termed as Information privacy. The information privacy is related to privacy of personal data that is collected by various organizations for personal use. The private information can be stored in medical records, political records, criminal records, financial data, data on website or any information related to the business related which needs to be protected and keepRead MoreResearch Images Taken From Mobile1015 Words   |  5 PagesFigure 5.2: Clinical images taken from mobile (â€Å"Clinical images and the use of personal mobile devices’, n.d.). 6. Identity Theft Identity theft is an act of stealing and using another person’s identity in an unauthorized way and has become one of the most significant problems throughout the world today (Reynolds, 2015, Glossary). Nowadays, websites and Social media has become the best medium to share and upload the personal photos. This is good because the photo will remain on these platforms forRead MoreThe Legal Issue Of Cyberbullying Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagesregarding the two legal issues, then discuss why they are legal issue, In addition, this assignment will provide a comparison of established legislation in New Zealand and foreign jurisdictions; namely the United Kingdom and Australia in managing the legal issues. Furthermore, this assignment will illustrate my opinions on how the legal issues could be managed or avoided. The first legal issue is cyberbullying. Cyberbullying or alternatively termed electronic bullying is a legal issue as that is definedRead Moreâ€Å"According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics Personal Fraud Survey 2010-11, an estimated total1500 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Australian Bureau of Statistics Personal Fraud Survey 2010-11, an estimated total of 1.2 million Australians aged 15 years and over were victim of at least one incident of identity fraud in the 12 months prior to the survey interview..† (Afp.gov.au, 2014) Identity fraud is a type of fraud that involves illegally pretending to be somebody else for a beneficial gain. This can result in emotional and/or financial devastation. This is a very common legal issue facing Australian stakeholders, costingRead MoreComparing Philosophers Locke And Hume On Personal Identity1375 Words   |  6 PagesMarch, 2016 Compare Philosophers Locke and Hume on Personal Identity Introduction The question on personal identity has been a philosophical debate for a long time. Philosophers over time have tried to argue what being a person that one is, from one day to the necessarily contains. In their endless search for philosophical bases on the same, multiple questions on the issues of life and death arise such that the correct answers to personal identity determine the changes that one person undergoes, or

William Shakespeare s Family Dynamics - 1560 Words

Many fathers appear in the works of William Shakespeare, family dynamics are the center of nearly all his plays. Shakespeare must have known that relations between members of shared bloodlines were ripe for drama, suspense, and highly emotional content. However, despite the many fathers depicted, and plays named for them, fathers King Lear and Titus Andronicus stand as share contrasts to one another. Both have their plays named ominously for them, insinuating that they are the center of the events, as was expected in during the period when these plays were written and published. Despite the separate locations and time periods the plays are set in, the patriarchal line of importance remains in both. However, Titus represents a man who loses the ability to control and protect his children from sinister others and even himself. Lear, however, suffers the tragedy of being betrayed and harmed by his own children. In this aspect Lear and Titus represent two extreme examples of fatherhood, and explore the faults and dangers of each. Titus Andronicus is set in ancient Rome and portrays the triumphant return of Titus Andronicus, as a war hero, bringing with him the spoils of war in the form of the Queen of Goths, Tamora, and her three sons. Roman custom dictated a sacrifice be made to as Titus puts his twenty two sons to rest. Titus selects the eldest of Tamora’s son to be used for the sacrifice. Tamora pleads to Titus for mercy, which he refuses, setting the whole revenge play intoShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1209 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding Romeo and Juliet. It s a play which dates back to the late 1500’s written by one of the most influential playwrights in history William Shakespeare. Today I will explore the nature of love and hate within Romeo and Juliet and discover the issues that are still relevant today. The two protagonists families the Capulets and the Montagues are sworn enemies. Yet from these two households love was sprawn by their offspring. This is the premise of the family feud (hate) combating the youthfulRead MoreAnalyse How the Central Values Portrayed in King Richard Iii Are Creatively Reshaped in Looking for Richard.1683 Words   |  7 PagesAn honest tale speeds best, being plainly told.† This quote from William Shakespeare’s King Richard III is a seed from which Al Pacino’s docu-drama Looking For Richard grows, both texts demonstrating the intrinsic relationship between contexts and the composition of texts. As 21st century students, we see Pacino’s creative reshaping emphasise inherent values within the original text, from dynamic perspectives to interpretational understandings, presented in an ‘honest’ and ‘plainly told’ compositionRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s All The World s A Stage 1540 Words   |  7 Pages Megan Mackey Professor Raja Atallah English 1102 17 April 2017 Research Paper William Shakespeare once said, All the World’s a Stage —and now his quote can be applied to his literature within his tragedies (William Shakespeare 1). The generation of people today have a much different definition of tragedies than people did during the Shakespearean times. Shakespeare’s tragedies involve a protagonist whose character is developed so that it is clear that he is a heroic figure in the setting of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Wuthering Heights 1398 Words   |  6 Pagesplay Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth is the most famous woman character. She is stronger, more ambitious and ruthless than her husband. Lady Macbeth pushed her husband , Macbeth to betray and kill King Duncan of Scotland. The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’ s Wuthering Heights is presented through sexism, jealousy , and betrayal. Sexism is portrayed in many ways in the novel wuthering Heights. Catherine s character can be seenRead MoreEssay Comparing The Tempest and King Lear1338 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear in general, as well as looking at comparisons of Prospero and Lear in somewhat more detail. Prospero and Lear are, without a doubt, the two most compelling mature figures in Shakespeare. In a way, one is the flip side, so to speak, of the other. Each represents an aging mans relationship to family, environment, and, most importantly, himself. One might even be so bold as to venture that had Lear lived, he might, through the enormity of his painful transformation, have become a characterRead MoreMerchant of Venice: Dehumanization of Shylock1540 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare on Religious Dehumanization: Bringing Awareness, Not Change Discrimination and hatred across religions can be often become a normal part of everyday life, and can be difficult to eradicate and extinguish. In William Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, the idea of the â€Å"normality† of everyday prejudices comes across in interactions and the portrayal of Shylock, a Jewish moneylender in Venice. Through Shylock’s character, Shakespeare provides a commentary on how his society has viewed JudaismRead MoreOthello : William Shakespeare s Othello2542 Words   |  11 PagesJack Martin Mrs. Siplivy British Literature 3 March 2015 Othello Introduction Shakespeare is the second most quoted writer in the English language – after the various writers of the Bible. Many of Shakespeare’s ideas for the play Othello came from a collection of tales written by Giraldi Cinthio. In Othello the character of Iago acts as the prominent main character throughout the play, even though he plays the role of the antagonist to the other central characters in the comedy Iago is the tragicRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By William Shakespeare1055 Words   |  5 PagesArranged marriages have been instituted for centuries in order to link families together for wealth, dominion, and peace. In the late 1500’s, William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet became famous for its writing style and storyline. A true romance story consisting of defying the family s wishes of an arranged marriage to be accompanied by the true love of their life. In Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet love was a dynamic force that eventually brought about the death of both Romeo and Juliet. NearlyRead MorePower In Stephen Frears Film, The Queen And Shakespeares King Lear1316 Words   |  6 Pagesand Shakespeare’s play, King Lear. Frears explores the theme of power through, Queen Elizabeth II, a hardline traditionalist who is blinded by old world protocols and traditions all but failing to see the transfer in balance of power. Similarly, Shakespeare explores the theme through the protagonist Lear, a king fascinated with grand showings of his sovereignty by staging and arranging situations that praise his ego. The very nature of power is in fact hazardous and has the ability to devour thoseRead MoreThe Theme Of Destructive Love Within Relationships, Jealousy, And Betrayal1790 Words   |  8 PagesSexism, jealousy, and betrayal can also lead to death in a destructive love. Love can be defined as an attraction of feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection to pleasure. There are differential powers known as power dynamics at play in every type of relationships. In some partnerships there is an equal amount of power and respect divided into it, and in others, one partner holds most of the power. There are a lot of ways for women to gain control in a relationship. Shakespeare’s

Queen Elizabeth the First Essays - 1762 Words

Elizabeth â€Å"Semper Eadem† Prologue Known as The Golden Age in English history, the 45 year rule of Queen Elizabeth I turned the declining country of England, into one of the most powerful and prosperous countries in the world. Elizabeth Tutor I was born unwanted to King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn on September 7 1533. Taught by famous scholars in her youth, she excelled at her studies. From an early age, she was seen to be enormously gifted. She had an especial flair for languages. By adulthood, she was capable of speaking 5 different languages. In the January of 1547, King Henry passed away leaving Elizabeth 3rd in line to the throne. The true successor to throne was Edward VI but he was far too young to govern, when†¦show more content†¦In the half century during which she ruled, her kingdom became known for its pageantry and glamour. When Elizabeth Tudor had succeeded the throne, religious strife, a huge government debt, and failures in war, had caused England to be considered a poor credit risk on the Continent. Though popular and much-admired, Elizabeth did not inherit a stable and prosperous country, thus the quest for stability and prosperity became the guiding force of her reign. She constantly avoided foreign entanglements and religious extremism. The motto Elizabeth â€Å"Semper Eadem† Latin, meaning â€Å"Always the same† was highly appropriate. Queen Elizabeth I left behind an extraordinary image of a dazzling era of excitement and achievement, nearly superhuman heroes and daring deeds, w ith the Queen, larger than life, radiating inspiration at the center of it all. Elizabeth’s character was a mystery to most people at the time she inherited the throne. She had learned to keep her own council, control her emotions, and always behaved cautiously, thus being able to disprove all rumors about her. Always dignified and stately, she could be vain, willful, dictatorial, temperamental, and imperious. She had courage, both in her decisions, and in the face of danger. Possessing an innate of humanity, she was not normally cruel, unlike most rulers of her day. Most regarded her to be unusually tolerant in that age of religious conflict. She saw herself as one who was always honest and honorable, whoShow MoreRelatedEssay about Queen Elizabeth the First2116 Words   |  9 Pages Queen Elizabeth 1 The reign of Queen Elizabeth I is often referred to as quot;The Golden Agequot; of English history. Elizabeth was an immensely popular Queen, and her popularity has waned little with the passing of four hundred years. She is still one of the best-loved monarchs, and one of the most admired rulers of all time. She became a legend in her own lifetime, famed for her remarkable abilities and achievements. Yet, about Elizabeth the woman, we know very little. 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This paper presents an implementation Free Essays

Abstraction: This paper presents an execution of Multistructure PIDFLC. Modification has been made to construction of the proposed PIDFLC in order to do it acts as PDFLC, PIFLC or PIDFLC depending on two external signals. Two versions of this accountant have been designed utilizing VHDL linguistic communication for FPGA execution. We will write a custom essay sample on This paper presents an implementation or any similar topic only for you Order Now A new bundle has been designed in VHDL codification to implement trigonometric maps and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to prove the proposed design with nonlinear systems. The accountant was able to bring forth an end product in 0.3 millisecond for additive workss and 0.7 millisecond for nonlinear works. Therefore, the proposed accountant will be able to command many systems with high trying rate. Keywords: PIDFLC, FPGA execution, nonlinear systems, Altera. Categorization: XYZ ( Electronic instrumentality and control ) T. Jain, V. Patel and M.J. Nigam † Execution of PID Controlled SIMO Process on FPGA Using Bacterial Foraging for Optimal Performance † International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 2, P: 1793-8198, June 2009. V. Tipsuwanporn, S. Intajag and V. Krongratana † Fuzzy Logic PID accountant based on FPGA for procedure control † Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Bangkok, Thailand, Vol. 2, pp. 1495-1500, 4-7 May 2004. Obaid Z. A. , Sulaiman N. and M. N. Hamidon â€Å" FPGA-based Execution of Digital Logic Design utilizing Altera DE2 Board † International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9 No.8, P: 186-194, July 2009. Obaid Z. A. , Sulaiman N. , M. H. Marhaban and M. N. Hamidon â€Å" FPGA-Based Fuzzy Logic: Design and Applications – a Review † International Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 1, figure 5, P: 491-502, December 2009. Leonid Reznik, â€Å" Fuzzed accountants † , Newnes, first edition, 1997. 1. Introduction The simplest and most usual manner to implement a fuzzed accountant is to recognize it as a computing machine plan on a general intent computing machine. However, a big figure of fuzzed control applications require a real-time operation to interface high-velocity restraints. Software execution of fuzzed logic on general purpose computing machines can non be considered as a suited design solution for this type of application higher denseness programmable logic devices such as FPGA can be used to incorporate big sums of logic in a individual IC. Semi-custom and full-custom application particular integrated circuit ( ASIC ) devices are besides used for this intent but FPGA provide extra flexibleness: they can be used with tighter time-to-market agendas [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] , [ 3 ] , [ 4 ] . 2. Layout of the Proposed Accountant By and large, this accountant accept two types of end products, the first 1 is the works ( Yp ) and the 2nd 1 is the coveted end product ( Yd ) , both of them is digital signals, and present the control action signal as a digital end product. It besides accepts four 8-bit digital signals that represent the addition parametric quantities needed by the accountant ( relative addition Kp, derivative addition Kd, built-in addition Ki, and end product gain Ko ) , and other two one-bit signals to choose the type of the accountant ( PD fuzzy logic accountant, PI fuzzy logic accountant, or PID fuzzy logic accountant ) . Fig. 1 shows the general layout of the accountant bit in a unity feedback control system. Fuzzy accountant applications do non necessitate high truth. Accuracy of 6-9 spots is adequate and is rather sufficient for different applications. Many designed FIS french friess use this scope of spots [ 5 ] , since two versions of the accountant have been designed to do a comparing in which version is closest to Matlab-based design: the first one uses 6 spots for each input and end product variables, and 4 spots for rank grade, while the other uses 8 spots and 6 spots severally. 3. Structure of the Proposed PIDFLC By and large, to stand for PID fuzzed logic accountant, it was required to plan a fuzzed illation system with three inputs that represent the proportional, derivative, and built-in constituents, and each one of them can hold up to eight fuzzy sets. So that the maximal figure of the needed fuzzy regulations to 83=512 regulations. To avoid this immense figure of regulations, the proposed accountant has been designed utilizing two parallel PD fuzzy logic accountants to implement the PID fuzzy logic accountant. The 2nd PDFLC has been converted to PIFLC by roll uping its end product. Fig. 1 shows the construction of proposed PID fuzzy logic accountant. Both accountants, PD fuzzy logic accountant and PI fuzzy logic accountant, receive the same mistake signal. The mistake signal is calculated by deducting works end product ( yp ) from the desired end product ( yd ) . The chief block in the PD fuzzy logic accountant is the fuzzed illation block. The proposed fuzzy illation block is two input s, one end product fuzzy system of Mamdani type that uses singleton rank maps for the end product variable. The first input is the error signal vitamin E ( n ) , and the 2nd input is the rate of alteration of mistake signal defined as the difference between two back-to-back mistake values. Before come ining the fuzzed illation block, each one of these two inputs have been multiplied by a addition coefficient inside the PD fuzzy accountant ( Kp and Kd or Kp and Ki ) . In similar mode, the end product of the fuzzed illation block is multiplied by a addition coefficient inside the PD fuzzy logic accountant, ( Ko ) . At the same clip, the end product of the fuzzed illation block in the 2nd PD fuzzy accountant is multiplied by a addition coefficient so accumulated to organize the uPIFLC. Both end products ( uPD and uPI ) are added together to organize the PIDFLC end product ( uPID ) . Since each PDFLC has its ain additions and regulations, the concluding design could work as a PDFLC, PIFLC or a PIDFLC ) depending on the two choice lines sw1 and sw0 — — , where, sw1sw0= 00, gives PD fuzzy logic accountant, sw1 sw0= 01 gives PI fuzzy logic accountant, and sw1 sw0=0x gives PID fuzzy logic accountant. The chief constituents in the proposed PD fuzzed logic accounta nt are: Input/Output block, Fuzzifier block, illation engine block, and Defuzzifier block. 4. Test Bench and Simulation Results For the intent of simulation symmetric triangular fuzzy sets and singleton fuzzy sets with 8 lingual variables have been used for input and end product variable severally, in add-on to govern tabular array of 64 fuzzy regulations. At first, a trial is performed to do certain that the fuzzed illation system used inside the FPGA-based design is working decently This trial is performed to do certain that the fuzzed illation system used inside the FPGA-based accountant ( 6FBC or 8FBC ) is working decently. This trial involves bring forthing control surface utilizing fuzzed sets and regulation tabular array, this trial has been used to do a comparing between both types of FBC with Matlab-based ( MSBC ) , and shows that 8FBC is superior to 6FBC and it ‘s much close to MSBC. Case Study 1: Second order theoretical account may stand for procedure such as place control of an ac motor [ 7 ] Equation ( 1 ) shows the mathematical works theoretical account, distinct transportation maps of this theoretical account has been obtained utilizing ZOH method, and the selected sampling period ( T ) is 0.52. The values of Kp, Kd, Ki, and Ko used in this trial were selected utilizing test and mistake. The accountant gives action at 0.3  µs ; when PIDFLC applied for this system, as shown in Fig. 2, 8FBC response is near to the responses utilizing MSBC, with zero mistake and small overshot. The Average differences between MSBC and 6FBC for Step response and control action are -0.0256 and -0.0009 severally, and The Mean differences between MSBC and 8FBC for Step response and control action are -0.0030 and 0.0021 severally, since the 8FBC is superior to 6FBC and its much stopping point to MSBC. Case Study 2: This instance is considered as a particular instance with the proposed design, because of VHDL accepts four mathematical operation merely, add-on, minus, division and generation, since it ‘s hard to stand for non-linear elements like trigonometric maps. In this instance, a mathematical theoretical account of nonlinear works has been used to prove the proposed accountant with unity feedback control system ; this theoretical account is characterized by Equation ( 2 ) and Equation ( 3 ) . The first order filter on U to bring forth u represents an actuator. Assume the initial conditions y ( 0 ) = 0.1 radians ( = 5.73 deg. ) , y? ( 0 ) = 0, and the initial status for the actuator province is zero. For simulation of the fourth-order, Runge-Kutta method has been used with an integrating measure size of 0.01. Again, this works has been designed utilizing MATLAB package ( for simulation in MATLAB ) , and in non-synthesizable VHDL codification ( for simulation in ModelSim ) . A particular bundle was designed in VHDL codification to implement trigonometric maps and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method which are non available in Quartus II ( or in ISE ) criterion libraries. The values of Kp, Kd, Ki, and Ko used in this trial were selected utilizing test and mistake. The accountant gives action at 0.7  µs after the input latching. When utilizing nonlinear system for trial, both versions ( 6FBC and 8FBC ) supply by and large good responses though there is some oscillation. ( one mu st non be deceived by the steady province mistake that appears in Figure ( 4 ) , since it represents less than 1 % of the end product scope in the instance of 6FBC and less than 0.5 % of the end product scope, in the instance of 8FBC ) . The absolute mean difference between the nonlinear works response, utilizing MSBC, and the nonlinear works response, utilizing 6FBC, is less than 0.0155. The absolute mean difference between the nonlinear works response, utilizing MSBC, and the nonlinear works response, utilizing 8FBC, is less than 0.0085 as shown in Fig. 3. 5. Execution of the Proposed PIDFLC The proposed PIDFLC has been implemented utilizing Altera DE2 board, this board offers a rich set of characteristics that make it suited for usage in a research lab environment for university and college classs and can used for any design executions, every bit good as for the development of sophisticated digital systems by utilizing hardware description linguistic communication ( HDL ) . All connexions are made through the Cyclone II 2C35 FPGA device in order to supply maximal flexibleness for the user. Therefore, the user can configure the FPGA to implement any system design. 6. Decision Simulation environments have been built utilizing non-synthesizable VHDL codification for the intent of simulation in ModelSim, and the same design is coded in Matlab for the intent of simulation in Matlab ( MSBC ) . Two version of the accountant has been designed, the first one is 6-bits which uses 6-bits for each input/output variables ( 6FBC ) , while the 2nd uses 8-bits each input/output variables ( 8FBC ) . Two instance surveies have been used in order to prove this accountant. From these consequences, 8FBC is superior to 6FBC and it ‘s much close to MSBC. The accountant was able to bring forth an end product in 0.3 millisecond ( after input latching ) for additive workss and 0.7 millisecond for nonlinear works. Therefore, the proposed accountant will be able to command systems with high trying rate. Recognitions The writers would wish to thank foremost, our God, and all UPM staff and all friends who gave us any aid related to this work. Finally, the most thank is to our households and to our states which born us. How to cite This paper presents an implementation, Essay examples

Assessable Income Functioning A Business -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Assessable Income Functioning A Business? Answer: Introducation According to section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997, deductible expenses are the one that is incurred either while earning the assessable income or while functioning a business that can assist in the attainment of such assessable income. Further, deduction of these expenses is not allowable as a deduction that is private or capital in nature, or the expenses that are in association with the attainment of exempted income. In the case of cost of moving machinery to a new place, the same is related to brand new machinery that is deported from the area of purchase to the site. Moreover, the expense incurred here must be incorporated in the Machinery's capital cost and therefore, it is deemed to be of capital nature. Therefore, such expenses must not be allowable under the above-mentioned section 8-1 because they are of capital origin and the given section does not allow such expenses. Further, adding up to such expenses or allowability of expenses rely upon an assets nature whether it is an old one or brand-new (Fullerton et. al, 2017). If the asset is brand new in nature, every expense that is incurred up to the date of its utilization must be summed up to its cost and it must become a part of the assets cost. For instance, commissioning, installation, and transportation cost, etc. Besides, in the case wherein the accounting is incurred for deporting the old machine from the present location to a new lo cation, it must be deemed to be regarded as transportation cost and therefore, allowable as deduction. In the case of revaluation of assets to effect insurance cover, it can be seen that the expenses incurred for the assets evaluation in order to claim exemption are allowable only if they are incurred for recovery of loss of gain, whether directly or indirectly related to the assessable income. Besides, in relation to an insurance claim, two scenarios can arise. Firstly, in relation to an asset for which insurance claim is attained is of capital nature, this implies that the capital asset is wrecked and the claim is mainly for the recovery of losses. Nevertheless, in such a scenario, the incurred expenses for the recovery of insurance coverage must be subtracted from the original insurance claim amount and the same must not be regarded as business expenditure. Secondly, when the insurance claim is for attaining loss on assets that are directly held as stock in trade, such assets cannot be regarded as capital assets and is therefore directly associated with the assessable income being depicted in the financials. Further, any incurred expenses for such purpose are allowable only as business expenditures so that businesses can attain benefit from the same. Nevertheless, these expenses must be shown in the profit and loss account and considered as expenses for recovering the losses on the stock. On a whole, the expenses incurred for revaluation of assets held as stock in trade can be allowed under 8-1 of the ITAA, 1997. As mentioned previously, under section 8-1 of the ITAA, 1997, it has been stated that deductible expenses are either incurred while earning the assessable income or while operating a particular business that plays the main role in generating such assessable income. Furthermore, the deduction is not allowable of these expenses if they are of domestic nature, capital nature, or nature in association with the attainment of exempted income. A similar instance was held in the case of Newspapers Ltd v FCT(1938) 61 CLR 337) where all losses and payments that include commission, expenses of traveling, expenses and not in the nature of losses and capital outgoing provided in gaining the income that is assessable. Therefore, in computing the taxpayer taxable income, the overall income generated by the taxpayer shall be considered. Therefore, in the given situation, if such ideology is implemented, it can be stated that the legal expenses that the company has incurred for tackling a petition for winding up cannot fall under the purview of the said section. This is because it is not incurred for earning an assessable income and it is not the expenses that are incurred compulsorily to operate the business so that assessable income can be attained. Furthermore, the paid expenses must also be verified in the light of the net amount because bigger the figure, the more impossible it will be to treat such as business expenses. However, since it is a legal expenditure that has been incurred for the purpose of carrying on the business operation, it can be regarded as an expense that is allowable under section 25-5. It can be observed in the given case that the solicitor account does not segregate the expenses in relation to several matters and therefore, many legal expenses fail to be divided into revenue or capital nature. Further, it has been assumed that the legal expenses for each affair mentioned in the situation are incurred for the purpose of the business In addition, such expenses have been incurred for the purpose of income recovery that must further become a relevant part of the assessable income (Kobestky, 2005). Therefore, if the purposes are segregated, it can be stated that the legal expenses that have been incurred for the discharge of mortgage can be regarded as an expense of capital nature and hence, the same cannot be allowed under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. Besides, all other incurred expenses can be easily allowable as deduction. Hence, it can be concluded why the previously mentioned expenses are either allowable or disallowable in the businesses.It can be witnessed from the given scenario that Big Bank Ltd is a bank that is registered under the GST scheme and functions on a national basis. This can be supported by the fact that it possesses more than fifty branches and pursues a massive ten-story office and other innumerable call centers for addressing its customers. Nevertheless, Big Bank has been offering various facilities to its customers that include safety deposit and offering of loans. Besides, the bank has also launched its product that is associated with contents and home insurance policies and it is considered as one of the significant initiatives in its business. However, the bank must take adequate steps to alter its computerized accounting system because of the prevalence of GST scheme that must be charged on every premium policy offered by it to its customers (Kenny et. al, 2016). Moreover, th e bank is also under an obligation to advertise and promote such new initiative because it has already made every effort to proceed with enhanced force in the insurance industry. Such effort also includes preparation of appropriate budgeting strategies and promotion through platforms like print media, television, etc that can enable in paving out ways for an effective future. Big Bank has expended an amount of $16,50,000 for the advertising campaign of such new initiative wherein $550,000 has been expended for promoting the newly launched product and the remaining amount for other requirements. Moreover, the advertisement consultant has also offered an invoice amounting to $16,50,000 for its services. The similar instance has been observed in the case of House of Lords inC E CommrsvRedrow Group plc where the issue consisted in claiming of the input tax on the commissions charged to it by the agent services. In relation to this, the input tax credit of the same must be available to the Bank because it is a registered user under the scheme of GST. The business of Big Bank must be allowed the tax credit of the amount paid on the invoice (advertising bill) because it is usual business expenditure and it is incurred especially for the purpose of business only (Martin, 2001). Besides, such expense cannot be capitalized because it is not a one-time expense and it will recur in future. Further, the life of such expense is short in nature and therefore, it must not be summed up or regarded as the companys asset (Pratt Kulsrud, 2013). Nevertheless, whenever any business entity expends for an expense that has been incurred for the purpose of its business and such expense also accommodates GST scheme, then such entity has the complete right to claim the credit for the amount of GST paid on the bill. This claiming of credit on GST is also commonly known as GST or input tax credit. As per Sadiq et. al (2017) claiming of GST can be allowed if the given below conditions comply: The expenses that are incurred for any purchase of items are exclusively for the intention of business and not for personal utilization. GST must be incorporated in the purchase price of the item. There must be a valid consideration for the payment of item purchased. The seller or supplier of such item must issue a tax invoice for such item and it must be inclusive of GST. The expenses that are incurred by the Big Bank is an enormous figure but still, it must be allowed as an advertising expenditure, as it is significantly or exclusively incurred for the purpose of promoting the business operations of the bank. Further, the company also has complete authority to claim the entire input tax credit so that it can be utilized for addressing its additional tax liabilities of GST. A similar observation was noted in the case of Polysar Investments Netherlands BVvInspecteur der Invoerrechten en Accijnzen, Arnhem (Case C-60/90). The question that was put before the court of justice was that whether Polysar can be considered as a taxable entity for the purpose of VAT and whether input tax credit charged on costs will be claimable. The court of justice came with a judgment that a holding company having a primary purpose of holding shares in the subsidiary company and exercising rights with the same will not be a taxable entity for the purpose of VAT and the statu s did not alter because it is under the ambit of the economic grouping (Martin, 2001). Hence, it came to the conclusion that input tax will not be available. Moreover, the payment made by the bank to the advertisement consultants comprise of $550000 that is apportioned to the advertisement, television, and $11,00,000 for other advertising media. Hence, such expense will assist the bank to enhance its business affairs and it must be approximately two percent of its entire business affairs. Thus, the remaining 98% of the business affairs of the bank must accrue to the traditional bank's sources of income that are deposit facilities and distribution of loan to various customers, and for which commission and interest are charged respectively (Renton, 2005). Therefore, since all these scenarios comply in the case of Big Bank Ltd, it is surely eligible to claim input tax credit on the invoice issued by the advertising consultants (Hopewell, 2012). Whenever an individual attains income from a country wherein he is a usual resident and from countries as well, then he has a right to go for the foreign offset of tax. Moreover, if such individual has income from more than one country and he has incurred expenses for attaining such income, he can offset such expenses only if the following conditions are satisfied: Such individual has paid the foreign income tax from income generated from such foreign country, which means that tax on such income has already been paid. Such person has incorporated the foreign income in the net assessable income for computing the total tax payable on income (Hopewell, 2012). Computation of Assessable Income and Foreign Tax Offset: Particulars Amount in AUD$ Employment Income from Australia Employment Income from United States Employment Income from United Kingdom Rental income from property in the United Kingdom Dividend Income from United Kingdom (assumed as grossed up) Interest Income from the United Kingdom Total Gross Income Less: Expenses : Medical Expenses Expenses incurred in deriving employment income from Australia Expenses incurred in deriving employment income from the US Expenses incurred in deriving employment income from the UK Gift to a deductible gift recipient Interest on debt for deriving dividend income Expenses on debt for deriving interest income Total Taxable Income Tax on Total Taxable Income Add: Medicare Levy Total Taxes Payable Less: Foreign Taxes Offset Net Taxes Payable 44,000 12,000 8,000 2,000 1,200 800 68,000 5,000 4,000 900 500 400 140 60 57,000 10,072 1,140 11,212 4,400 6,812 Notes: the income and expenses of domestic and foreign has been totaled where taxes are paid in a foreign country it has been allowed as a set off against overall tax liability the figures are regrouped and totaled when done for the purpose of computation all amount are in Australian dollar The question pertains to the income and expenses allowability done by Johny and Leon. There have been various alterations and events that have been done during the course of business. For the purpose of computation, the figures are regrouped and tax rates are not assumed. Partnership of Johny Leon Net income for the year ending Income $ Sales of sporting Goods 400000 Bank deposits interest 10000 Dividend franked-60% 35000 Recovery of bad debts 10000 Capital Gain (30000-15000) 15000 Closing Stock at cost 16000 Expenses Opening Stock 20000 Salary 10000 15000 Interest on Capital- Johny 2000 Interest on Loan by Johny 4000 Travel Expenses Johny 3000 Legal Fees for renewal of Lease 2000 Legal Expenses 1900 Collection Expenses of debt 500 Council Expenses 500 Staff Salary (25000- 5000) 20000 Purchase of Sports Item 30000 Rent 20000 Loss on doubtful Debt 30000 Business Lunch expenses 10000 Loss due to theft of cash 3000 171900 Gain from Partnership 314100 Less: Last year Loss 40000 274100 137050 137050 Notes: 1. profits are distributed in equality 2. Assumption is done at a Small Business entity (SBE). 3. Theft loss must be considered as a loss. 4. Adjustment of capital loss is done Capital Gain on shares disposal 5. Johny travel from House to office and returns have been allowed as business expenses. 6. Johnnys son salary has been lessened by 5000$ as it exceeded the commercial rate allowable by commissioner. 7. Closing Stock considered at lower of cost or realizable value. 8. doubtful debt of 30000$ (Loss on account) considered as loss of doubtful debt. 9. lunches expenses of business have been allowed as business expenses because it was for buyers of business 10. previous year loss of 40000$ have been reduced from current year profits. It is assumed that they have been carried forward this year. References Martin, In the case of revaluation of assets2001 Input Tax Credits - The Core Mechanism of GST, viewed 11 September 2017 https://www.tved.net.au/index.cfm?SimpleDisplay=PaperDisplay.cfmPaperDisplay=https://www.tved.net.au/PublicPapers/June_2001,_Sound_Education_in_GST,_Input_Tax_Credits___The_Core_Mechanism_of_GST.html Hopewell, L 2012, Australia tax inquiry opens submissions, viewed 12 September 2017, www.zdnet.com.au. Fullerton,I.G, Deutsch, R, management, M.L, Hanley,P Snape, T 2017, The Australian Tax Handbook Tax Return Edition 2017, Thomson Reuters Kenny, P, Blissenden, M, Villios, S 2016, Australian Tax 2017, Thomson Reuters: Australia Kobestky, M 2005, Income Tax: Text, Materials and Essential Cases, Sydney: The Federation Press Pratt, J. W Kulsrud, W N 2013, financeTaxation, Oxford university press. Renton N.E 2005, Income Tax and Investment, 2nd edition, Sydney Sadiq, K, Coleman, C , Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan,S, Krever, R, Obst, R, Teoh, J Ting, A 2017, Principles of Taxation Law 2017, Law book Australia

Fallen Leaves free essay sample

Clouds large and billowing intermingle in the royal blue canvas high above. A sliver of sunlight manages to peer out from beneath the thick, fluffy layer, shedding a deep orange glow. A cool fall breeze rustles what is left of the dried out leaves, hanging on by their thin stems to the tree branches; awaiting to be released and reunited with their many crisp copies on the ground. Not a soul nearby is to be seen, the silence that surrounds me is slightly eerie. However, the one spot that never fails to put me at ease lies in plain sight. I briskly walk over to the opening, pushing back the stalks of overgrown grass and weeds. Climbing over an obstacle course of smooth rocks, I find myself at the river’s base. The current is fairly mellow; little turbulence disturbs the many creatures living within the crystal clear waters. I can see the small minnows and tadpoles make their way through the river, their silver bodies gleaming beneath the quickly setting sun. We will write a custom essay sample on Fallen Leaves or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Swimming blissfully in their own little world, entirely separate from mine. Our only connection exists at the base of this river where our very different paths cross. The sky explodes into an artist’s palette of magenta and incandescent orange. A day like today can only be described with one word: surreal. Many people fall victim to accepting the mundane and allowing each day to slip right through their fingers. They sit at home, watching the television or playing video games, letting the short twenty four hour lapse of time burn away, without ever realizing what they have missed. Living life submissively is truly the bane of a full existence. I never allow myself to waste time. I believe we must always be doing something of meaning in order for ourselves to be truly living. With each day we are given choices and opportunities. To let such gifts pass by us is a disservice on the one thing that we must value most- our lives. I feel that I am truly living, as I sit on one of the slate grey rocks and gaze upon the wonders of nature. I allow my mind to further wander. My thoughts instantly pour out of my mind and get lost in the wilderness surrounding me. This is my little escape from the real world- the industrialized community where the stress and pressures of life eats at us daily. This is my sanctuary where I can think and clear my head. I slowly transcend to my nirvana as stress and the day’s troubles melt away. The shadows projecting from the looming trees begin to envelope my surroundings. It is beginning to get dark and my time here is quickly coming to an end. I inhale in the crisp scent of autumn once more, I let it fill my lungs and sooth my senses. I gaze upon the scenery once more, attempting to take a mental picture of my surroundings. I find myself transfixed by nature’s gift; life’s simple pleasure that many fail to recognize. Brushing the dead leaves and blades of grass from my pants, I return to the path which leads me back into reality. A gust of wind startles me and breaks my train of thought. High above me, several leaves are uprooted from their branches. Twirling and spiraling, they ride the wind’s current, dancing slowly as they fall closer to their inevitable destination. They reach the cold ground, losing animation and becoming lifelessly still. The haphazard pile of burnt orange and chestnut brown grows with each fallen leaf. Day by day the mound grows larger and the trees become more barren. Time passes the pile thickens- life’s continues cycle at large.

Sample Paragraph Compare and Contrast Essay - Make Sure You Get What You Need!

Sample Paragraph Compare and Contrast Essay - Make Sure You Get What You Need!A sample paragraph compare and contrast essay may seem pretty simple, but it's one of the best ways to learn the writing skills you need for college essays. A large part of this kind of essay is about contrasting two topics - one from each author. If you can do this properly, you'll save a lot of time and help yourself avoid common mistakes.This is the very basic form of a paragraph, compare and contrast essay. The first paragraph should talk about the book in general. Discuss the main points and ask readers to think about their opinions about that topic. Be careful not to confuse your readers; if you simply copy the title of the book from the title, you'll only confuse them more!In the second paragraph, include a different concept and discuss the differences between the two books. For example, 'One book deals with an issue in the environmental movement, while the other has a more political angle. Which of these two books is more persuasive?' Or perhaps 'Both books were written by political activists. The authors who wrote the environmental book went into detail about the dangers of global warming, while the authors who wrote the political book did not.'Here's another example: 'The environmentalist and the conservative write about environmental issues differently. Which of these two works of literature will more effectively illustrate these points?' Or again, 'Which is more compelling: An environmentalist who refuses to change or who thinks he can do nothing? Or an economist who believes governments can save the world?'Don't forget to put the sentence above in your paragraph as well, in your introduction, or at the beginning of your paragraph. It's a good idea to let readers know at the start of your paragraph what topic you're going to discuss, so they won't get confused by this introduction. Let readers know what are you talking about and why they should read the rest of your paragr aph, too.Now, for the third paragraph, a real highlight in the sample paragraph compare and contrast essay. Just like the second paragraph, you must have some ideas about the author's differing points of view in your paragraph. Once again, you don't want to copy their names and titles, but you do want to include information about the other writer and their point of view.For example, you could use the word 'Anthropological' to refer to a writer who writes about human beings, 'Virtuoso' to refer to a writer who writes about music, or 'Naturalist' to refer to a writer who writes about the natural world. In your paragraph, let your reader know what they should expect to find in the other author's book. Maybe she advocates veganism, or he thinks health is more important than taste. You could talk about any topic, really, but choose one and stick to it!

Julius Caesar And Romero Essays - , Term Papers

Julius Caesar And Romero In the play of Julius Caesar, we see a brief picture of Roman life during the time of the First Triumvirate. In this snap shot, we see many unfortunate things. Shakespeare gives us the idea that many people try to circumvent what the future holds, such as unfortunate things, by being superstitious. Superstition seems to play a role in the basic daily life of most Roman citizens. For instance, the setting of the first scene is based upon superstition, the Feast of Lupercal. This feast is in honor of the god Pan, the queen of fertility. During this time, infertile females are supposed to be able to procreate, and fertile ones are supposed to be able to bear more. It is also a supposed time of sexual glorification and happiness. Other scenes depict how throughout Rome, roaming the streets are mysterious sooth-sayers, who are supposedly given the power to predict the future. Dictating what is to come through terse tidbits, these people may also be looked upon as superstitious. In the opening scene, one sooth-sayer, old in his years, warns Caesar to "Beware the Ides of March," an admonition of Caesar's impending death. Although sooth-sayers are looked upon by many as insane out of touch lower classmen, a good deal of them, obviously including the sayer Caesar encountered, are indeed right on the mark. Since they lack any formal office or shop, and they predict forthcomings without fee, one can see quite easily why citizens would distrust their predictions. Superstition, in general elements such as the Feast of Lupercal, as well as on a personal level such as with the sooth-sayers, is an important factor in determining the events and the outcome of Julius Caesar, a significant force throughout the entire course of the play. Before the play fully unravels, we see a few of signs of Caesar's tragic end. Aside from the sooth-sayer's warning, we also see another sign during Caesar's visit with the Augerers, the latter day "psychics". They find "No heart in the beast", which they interpret as advice to Caesar that he should remain at home. Ceasar brushes it off and thinks of it as a rebuke from the gods, meaning that he is a coward if he does not go out, and so he dismisses the wise advice as hearsay. However, the next morning, his wife Calphurnia wakes up frightened due to a horrible nightmare. She tells Caesar of a battle breaking out in the heart of Rome, "Which drizzled blood upon the Capitol," with Caesar painfully dying, such that "...The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes." Although Caesar realizes Calphurnia is truly concerned about his well-being, he seeks another interpretation, coming to the conclusion that the person who imagines the dream may not be the wisest one to interpret it's meaning. Later Caesar tells his faithful companion Decius about it, and he interprets it quite the contrary, "That it was a vision fair and fortunate," and indeed, today is an ideal day to go out, since this is the day "To give a crown to mighty Caesar." Perhaps Decius is implying here that today is a day where much appreciation and appraisal will be given to Caesar, surely not the endangerment of his well-being as Calphurnia interprets it. Caesar predictably agrees with him, as most citizens enjoy believing the more positive of two interpretations. After Caesar's assasination at the hand of Brutus, Cassius, and the rest of the conspirators, Brutus and Cassius are chased into the country side, where we see a few superstitious signs of their forthcoming painful death in battle. In a dream, Brutus sees Caesar's "ghost", interpreted as an omen of his defeat. He also looks upon the ensign, and instead of the usual stock of eagles, ravens and kites replace them, construed as another sign of their loss at Phillipi. Not surprisingly, Caesar's death is avenged in the end, with the two of the conspirators' double suicide. As superstition is inter-twined within the basis of the entire play, we can reasonably conclude that it is because of this irrational belief of why certain events occur and how to avoid them, that Caesar is retired and eventually avenged. In the words of Caesar's devoted follower and companion Mark Antony, "His life was gentle, and the elements so mixed in him that Nature might stand up and say to the world, 'This was a man!'"

Good Writing Habits Of Successful Writers

Good Writing Habits Of Successful Writers If I were to write a post about good writing habits with the usual angle, I would tell you to get up early and start writing. I would tell you to have a system in place for curation and social media broadcasting that involved reading your RSS feeds and sharing the best. I would tell you to take part in conversations on those same blog posts and social media feeds. I would tell you to read more books, for that is where your ideas come from. This is not that post. This is a post about successful writing, not platform-building or blogging or building an audience. Though there is overlap, they are not exactly the same. You had better be able to write if youre going to be successful at any of those other things. Here Is The Secret To Writing Success I enjoy  reading interviews with writers  where they talk about their writing process. Their responses surprise me, and I learn less about writing formulas and more about the differences each person brings to the craft. E.B. White wasnt a big reader. Hemingway wrote early in the morning,  stopping before he had written all that he could. Kurt Vonnegut advocated vigorous exercise.  Jodi Picoult  doesnt believe writers block exists.  Maya Angelou writes in a hotel room  with just a  Roget’s Thesaurus, a dictionary, and the Bible. Barbara Kingsolver  gets up too early  and has to be pulled away from her writing desk. Nathan Englander  turns off his cell phone  and avoids social media. Karen Russell  doesnt care about word counts. A. J. Jacobs loves to  use outlines and writes while on a treadmill. Do you see a pattern here?  Its that there isnt one. The main thing these successful writers have in common is that they write. And, despite the differences in how they go about it, they all have formed a writing habit  that  comes down to: You must write. You must actively work against anything that would keep you from writing. No excuses. Some did this through setting, or time, or place. Some did this through physiology with food and exercise. Some did this through asceticism. But they all, in whatever shape or form, did it. Through trial and error, they found what worked for them. Photo of E. B. white from Tilbury House, from Minneapolis Star Tribune Applying This To Yourself You might not be looking to write a novel, but you still need to be able to write and produce quality content regularly. If youre a blogger, youre a writer. So yes, this means you. But how do you apply what these writers are saying about the process to yourself? Im not an early morning person. In fact, my creativity kicks in full steam after 11 pm. Instead of taking advantage of that, unfortunately, Ive spent years trying to fight against my natural strengths. Why? Besides the fact that the working world requires you to get up early and go to bed reasonably, and the most common message Ive heard is that early morning is when the work gets done. I dont know if early morning people have a tendency to write the self-help books that proclaim this while us night owls stay silent, or if that really does make up the huge majority of the world. We are not all the same.  Early mornings are ugly, dead times for some. If your writing happens midday, or late at night, so be it. If you know how and when you can write and not get distracted, thats how and when you should. The best way to figure out what works best is to work. Write. Notice what you gravitate to. Notice what causes you to trip up, and make adjustments. You dont really get a rulebook before diving in; you must dive in, and figure out your own rulebook. What are the daily habits of successful writers?  They write daily, and make it their habit.

Film Review (Life of Pi) Movie Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film (Life of Pi) - Movie Review Example However, in a serious context, there is much to the movie than what it discernibly professes to be. The movie tends to rake the consciousness of the unsuspecting viewers at many levels, provided they are patient and willing to extend to it the time and the scope that many modern day movies seldom demand. The movie besides being a tale of adventure and courage undeniably tends to have a spiritual facet that is brought out and embellished by the director Ang Lee using a range of thematic approaches and the commensurate technological innovations that amply succeed in bringing out the actual quintessence of the story. As far as the genre of Life of Pi is concerned, the tale indeed happens to be a modern day masterpiece of magic realism. The movie pokes the viewers’ attention with an ever shifting setting into which the director intends to weave a vivid sense of abject realism so far as the representation of ordinary and mundane facts are concerned, embellishing it much with descri ptive details and nuances, yet brining out the philosophy and message inherent in the movie by resorting to a dreamlike and fanciful imagery, borrowing a lot from sources like fairy tales and myths (French 21). Though, the settings in the movie are deeply etched in the pragmatic realism, yet the visual appeal owes much that could be interpreted and reinterpreted by the viewers in an utterly personal subjective context. The writer of the script of Life of Pi tends to retain much of the realism when it comes to hunger, animal instinct, survival and persistence, thereby making the viewers have a sense of the inevitable and the unavoidable; while at the same time the writer tends to insert in much of the fantastical elements like a bio-island infested with meerkats and the trees that happen to be carnivorous. Doing so, the script enables the viewers to deviate from the mundane realities of the real world, even though for a moment, to allow oneself to be immersed in a creative space wher e it is possible to reconcile the baser human instincts that are akin to bestiality and animalism, with the best that is inherent in the human mind that is expressed as theology, philosophy, empathy, respect for all forms of life, resolution, persistence and hope, thereby making way for an experience that is both human and bestial at the same time. If Life of Pi has been able to emerge as a creative and commercial success, much credit goes for this to the director Ang Lee. Lee has been able to successfully weave a web of survival and coexistence, where the religious iconography and an abjectly Darwinian struggle for survival coexist with each other, hand in hand to bring forward the fact that not only the life is sacred, but as long as there is a trace of life existent on earth, it will do everything at its disposal to survive and sustain (Stern 36). However, it goes without saying that Lee to some extent overestimated the scope and power of the visual effects at his disposal (Gilbe y 84). Many a times the seascapes contrived by Lee though appearing fantastical and attractive, somehow ended up as being imbued with a childlike fancy and appeal, which could have been a bit difficult to be accepted or perhaps digested by the adult viewers (Quinn 44). Yet, much of these shortcomings could be ignored by the realization that Life of Pi happens to be a movie that is as much a technological marvel as a

Private Language in The Philosophy of Wittgenstein Essay

Private Language in The Philosophy of Wittgenstein - Essay Example In the Tractatus Wittgenstein argued that there is much deeper connection between words and the world than that the mere notion that words stand for things. Wittgenstein saw a structural similarity between language and the world, so that the structure of reality could actually be read off the structure of language. The notion of correspondence, with its attendant conception of meaning as static, was abandoned in the later philosophy. In the Preface to his Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein (1953) writes, "For since beginning to occupy myself with philosophy again, sixteen years ago, I have been forced to recognize grave mistakes in what I wrote in that first book" (p.vi). What Wittgenstein came to recognize was that it is ill conceived to think that words always have fixed meanings. Rather, meaning is dynamic in the sense that it can only be determined by the interpretation that language users give it as they use it. In section 43 of Investigations, he tells us, "For a large class of cases— though not for all—in which we employ the word meaning it can be defined thus: the meaning of a word is its use in the language." The idea of meaning as use is the principle idea advanced in the Investigations. Searle (1998) points out that whereas Wittgensteins earlier philosophy revolves around the metaphor of language as a picture, his later philosophy revolves around the metaphor of language as a tool. The difference between the two metaphors is crucial. When Wittgenstein said that words are like pictures, he was operating on the assumption that words, like pictures, represent. When Wittgenstein said that words are like tools, he was trying to stress that words, like tools, can be used in many different ways and for many different purposes. Wittgensteins contention that in most cases, the meaning of a word is its use suggests that the same word could mean different things at different times

Hardware Requirements For Pizza Systems Information Technology Essay

Hardware Requirements For Pizza Systems Information Technology Essay Introduction and Problem Statement- We are primarily interested in implementing Information Systems to all the working units of the pizza shop, so that we are able to provide better services and thus, an enhanced experience to both offline (in-store) and on-line (web-based) customers. Since the pizza shop is interested in expanding their business from  a small-size business into a medium-size enterprise by opening up branches in various new locations and also has an objective to provide better online services (developing their company in e-business aspects) and gain online popularity, we have to make analysis and thereby apply several information system techniques so that the company succeeds in its motive. Analysis of Hardware Requirement for the Pizza Shop- Making decisions about the hardware requirements is based on the analysis of various factors such as the projected budget and the speed required. But the large variety high utility of hardware available often makes the hardware decisions a little difficult because of the fact that computer technologies become obsolete more quickly than other organizational technologies. Basically, hardware refers to the physical equipment used for the input, processing, output, and storage activities of a computer system. In our case we make use of the following hardware components: Central processing unit (CPU) we have decided to make use of Intel core i7processor [1] or Intel core2 processor [2] in the CPU. Primary storage- A storage capacity of 6GB-8GB in the hard-drive, for better speed in processing and multi-tasking situations. Secondary storage- A storage capacity of up to 1 terabyte for storage of information such as databases of employees, customers, products used in the shop, etc. Input technologies- We have decided to make use of basic devices such as keyboard, mouse and advanced devices such as touch screens (to make work easier and faster), Voice recognition [3] for access of confidential information only by authenticated persons (we do not make use of protection mechanisms provided by passwords because in todays era of technology it is not fully safe since password cracking has become very easy and common). Output technologies- Liquid crystal display (LCD) screens and printers. Communication technologies- Internet connections. Transportation of products- The transportation of the products can done by appointing a team of employees for this department, since our main objective is to expand and promote our business, initially we would require a minimum of 20 personnel equipped with fast and fuel efficient road transportation facilities, for each branch in case of local(within the same city branches), now in case of inter-city transports we have to appoint equivalent number of personnel and also have to make tie-ups with transportation management of rails and air transport. The transaction of products and allotment of duties to the employees should be done and all the details must be saved in hardware memory. Analysis of Software Requirement for the Pizza Shop- Computer hardware can be only effective according to the instructions we give it, and those instructions are contained in software. Software has become an everyday feature of all the businesses. For our business plan we will require the following software- Operating system- Windows 7[4] Spreadsheets- Microsoft Excel 2010, for managing tabular information, or any information which requires storage in tabular form. Word Processing software- Microsoft Word 2010, for managing all types of text files. Data Management- Microsoft Access, for efficient management of all data. Personal Information Management software- Microsoft Outlook, this software allows users to create and maintain management calendars, appointments, etc. Personal Finance software- Microsoft Money, which allows users to maintain checkbooks, track investments, monitor credit cards, bank and pay bills electronically. Web Authoring software- Microsoft FrontPage, which allows users to design Web sites and publish them on the web. Communications software- Netscape Messenger, which allows users to communicate with other people over any distance. Security Suite software- McAfee Internet Security Suite (www.mcafee.com) Anti-malware Product VirusScan (www.mcafee.com). Firewall[7]- McAfee Internet Security (www.mcafee.com) Anti-spam Software SpamKiller (www.mcafee.com) For restoring backup files- We will use the Windows Backup utility to restore the backup copies on the hard disk. Analysis of data and databases that can be employed by the company- All the business applications require data. For managing data and databases in the pizza shop, we would require a database management system (DBMS), in order to manage data in all aspects of our business such as employee data, customers data, product stores data etc. Its main usage is to store all the essential data in files. The application of a DBMS [5] at the pizza shop will provide the following benefits- Minimization of Data redundancy- i.e., the storage of the same data in many places is avoided there preventing unnecessary usage of memory space. Prevention Data isolation- Applications will be able to access data associated with other applications, thereby preventing creation of exclusive data sets for all the applications, and also leading to efficient memory management. Prevention of Data inconsistency: Creation of various copies of the data is not agreed upon. Enhanced data security. Maintenance of data integrity- In many cases, data needs to have certain constraints, such as no alphabetic characters in a Social Security number field and DBMS helps in achieving these. The administrator can also add, delete, access, and analyze data stored in one location. He can access the data by using query and reporting tools that are part of the DBMS or by using application programs specifically written to access the data. All these advantages in the database system can considerably optimize the handling of high volumes of orders by customers, since the manager/employee will be able to store and retrieve data about customers very efficiently. In case the same customer places an order again, since the data about which is already stored (upon his first order) can be retrieved very fast using DBMS and the overall processing of the store will become increasingly efficient especially in peak hours(timings for lunch and dinner). This feature would also provide ease to the customer, since he would not have to explains his location over and over again, and this may lead to the customers increased interest in availing the pizza shop services again in the future. Implementation of Data Warehousing- We have implemented data warehouses for the following type of cases- If the manager of the pizza shop wanted to know the profit margin on sales of vegetarian pizzas, he could find out from his database, using SQL [6] (structured query language) or QBE (query by example)[7]. However, if he needed to know the trend in the profit margins on sales of vegetarian pizzas over the last 3 years, he would have a very difficult query to construct in SQL or QBE. The pizza shop managers problem shows us two reasons why organizations are building data warehouses. First, the organizations databases have the necessary information to answer his query, but it is not organized in a way that makes it easy for him to search for needed information and also, the organizations databases are designed to process millions of transactions per day. Therefore, complicated queries might take a long time to answer and also might degrade the performance of the databases. As a result of these problems, companies are using data warehousing tools to make it easier and faster for users t o access, analyze, and query data. Data mining tools (discussed in the next section) allow users to search for valuable business information in a large database or data warehouse. Implementation of Data Mining- Data mining can perform two basic operations: predicting trends and behaviors and identifying previously unknown patterns. This analysis provides users with a view of what is happening. Data mining addresses, why it is happening and provides predictions of what will happen in the future and also automates the process of finding predictive information in large databases. In the pizza shop, implementation of data mining will lead to the following benefits in the business- In the aspect of sales- Predicting sales, preventing theft and fraud, and determining correct storage levels and since the business has been projected to expand, data mining will also lead to knowledge of distribution schedules among various outlets. In the aspect of Manufacturing and production- Predicting machinery failures and finding key factors that help optimize manufacturing capacity. Marketing- Classifying customer demographics that can be used to predict which customer will respond to a mailing or buy a particular product. E-Commerce Solutions to generate an online business presence- The concepts of E-Business comprise of buying and selling of goods and services, it also refers to servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and performing electronic transactions within an organization. We have planned to put into use the following features of E-business for the pizza shops- Online direct marketing- Using this feature the pizza shop can directly sell its services to customers via websites in the internet. Advertising- Since a majority of the people today access internet, advertising on the internet would be very useful and profitable to the pizza shop. Electronic Payment Systems- Usage of this feature will enable clients to pay for goods and services electronically, rather than writing a check or using cash. Electronic payment systems include electronic checks, electronic credit cards, purchasing cards, and electronic cash. Payments are an integral part of doing business, and using electronic payment system would be of ease to both the client and the business.   E-Business Solutions that can be utilized to improve the management  of supply chain- The function of supply chain management (SCM) is to plan, organize, and optimize the supply chains activities such as flow of materials, information, money, and services from raw material suppliers, through factories and warehouses to the end customers. The e-business solutions that we will use here are- Information Sharing along the supply chain over the internet For instance if we provide access to information about usage and daily requirement of cheese on a daily basis by every branch of the pizza store to the manufacturer whom we are dealing with, then this knowledge will enable the manufacturer to provide timely and efficient replenishment of cheese to every branch of the pizza store. Using Electronic Inventories In order to deal with the unexpected uncertainties of supply chain in the pizza shop, we can build inventories so that customers can have what they want at the correct time, and a minimal amount of standardized stock can also be maintained. Information about these inventories can be efficiently stored and updated in the electronic databases. The electronic storage of information reduces the probabilities of errors, and also free employees from manual labor of maintaining information about the stock of products. Efficient Telecommunication Networks used to attract customers- In order to attract customers and provide them an enhanced experience we will make use of the following- Publishing information and attractive offers for customers, at various social networking sites such as www.facebook.com, www.myspace.com, etc. Uploading video advertisements about the pizza shop at www.youtube.com, which is a social networking site for videos. Conducting online surveys, for the betterment as well as knowing about the current popularity and likes/dislikes about the pizza shops. Blogs can also be created, a blog is a personal Web site, open to the public, in which the site creator expresses his or her feelings or opinions. Accordingly, modifications can be made in order to increase profitability Internet telephony (voice-over Internet protocol or VoIP) i.e., use of the Internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls. This can enable the customers to make internet calls, thereby providing ease in communication to the pizza shop. Decision Support Systems for our system- Decision support systems (DSSs) basically combine the models and data in an attempt to solve unstructured problems with extensive user involvement. DSS will provide interactive to data, enable manipulation of these data, and to provide business managers and analysts of the pizza shop the ability to conduct appropriate analyses. For application of Decision support systems in the pizza shop we have decided to carry out the following steps- Sensitivity analysis [8]- the managers of the pizza shop will conduct this analysis in order to predict how their decisions can have impact on other decisions. For instance, promotion of non-vegetarian pizzas at a time where the non-vegetarian ingredients are expensive in the market, would considerably impact the pizza shops profitability. For countering these problems the manager can make use of sensitive model or nonsensitive model. What if analysis [9]- the manager of the pizza shop will conduct this analysis in order to deal with unexpected uncertainties or problems and also predict its impact. For instance, what will happen to the total inventory cost if the originally assumed cost of carrying inventories is not 10 percent but 12 percent? In a well designed Business intelligence system[10], managers themselves can interactively ask the computer these types of questions as many times as they need to. Goal-Seeking Analysis [11]- Goal-seeking analysis would enable the manager to predict future situations in comparison to the current scenario. For instance, the manager of the pizza shop would want to project future sales or meeting a target of profits based on current profits, let us consider for example that the current profits are of $2million, now he might want to know, what sales volume and additional advertising would be necessary to generate a profit of $3 million. To find out he would perform a goal-seeking analysis. Group Decision Support Systems[12]- This would make managers located at different physical location to communicate through computer support systems which serves primarily as a vehicle for improving communication, coordination, and problem solving. Technologies to enhance business processes- Usage of Digital Dashboards [13]-This feature will be used by the top-level executives of the pizza shop. Using this technology they can have access to information all the levels of information in a fast and efficient manner. Usage of Expert Systems[14]-This technology can aid the managers in the decision making process since expert systems possess the abilities that can reach a level of performance comparable to a human expert in certain or specialized problem areas.   Enhancing the online presence by selling products with customers over the web- We have projected to achieve an enhanced online presence by providing better services for online transactions by establishing a contract with the online e-commerce website Paypal. We have chosen this site because it provides features such as funding with an electronic debit from a  bank account  or by a  credit card, easy user interface and secure transactions which also relieves the customers of thefts and other threats of online transactions. Since PayPal operates in 190 markets,  users of most locations can access and easily make transactions through Paypal for services of the pizza shop. Also PayPal allows customers to send, receive, and hold funds in 24 currencies worldwide, so when in future branches of the pizza shop are opened in several countries, this feature will be very useful. References- James OBrien, 2009. Introduction to Information Systems, 15th Edition. 15 Edition. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. R. Kelly Rainer, 2010. Introduction to Information Systems: Supporting and Transforming Business. 3 Edition. Wiley. Ralph M. Stair, 1997. An Introduction to Information Systems. Edition. Course Technology. James A. OBrien, 1997. Introduction To Information Systems: An Internetworked Enterprise Perspective. 2 Sub Edition. Richard D Irwin. R. Kelly Rainer, 2009. Introduction to Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: Enabling and Transforming Business. 3ird Edition Edition. Wiley. Judith C. Simon, 2000. Introduction to Information Systems. Student international edition Edition. Wiley.